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The database of input has to be structured like this:

  • Rows: species
  • Columns: surveys
  • Values are Frequency of occurrence (FO)
  • Occasional species are coded as 999
  • Leave other cells empty (i.e NA)
  • database class MUST BE a dataframe
Species Survey_1 Survey_2 Survey_3
species_1 12 1
species_2 3
species_3 4
species_4 9 18 999

Here is an real example image from an excel file:

“”

  • Columns in GREEN are the Landolt indicator values of each plant species
  • Column in BLUE contains the Index of Specific Quality (ISQ) for each species.
  • Column named Rxx are the vegetation survey codes

In this database, the total number of measurements along the transect line is 25.

We can import the dataframe in R environment:

data <- read_excel("~/yourdata.xlsx")
View(data)

Important note: make sure that the database class is data.frame. If not convert it as shown:

data<-as.data.frame(data)